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306 lines
10 KiB
Text
306 lines
10 KiB
Text
# Installation
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## Build the server binary
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CGO_ENABLED=0 go build -ldflags='-s -w'
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## Create a server certificate
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mkdir data
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openssl req -newkey rsa:2048 -nodes -keyout data/key.pem -x509 -days 365 -out data/cert.pem
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## Set the server administrator credentials
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This step is optional.
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echo 'god:topsecret' > data/passwd
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## Set up a group
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A group is set up by creating a file `groups/name.json`.
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mkdir groups
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vi groups/groupname.json
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A group with a single operator and no password for ordinary users looks
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like this:
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{
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"op": [{"username": "jch", "password": "1234"}],
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"presenter": [{}]
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}
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A group with one operator and two users looks like this:
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{
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"op": [{"username": "jch", "password": "1234"}],
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"presenter": [
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{"username": "mom", "password": "0000"},
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{"username": "dad", "password": "1234"}
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]
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}
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More options are described under *Details of group definitions* below.
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## Test locally
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./galene &
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You should be able to access Galène at `https://localhost:8443`. Connect
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to the group that you have just set up in two distinct browser windows,
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then press *Ready* in one of the two; you should see a video in the other.
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If you have set up a TURN server, type */relay-test* in the chat box; if
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the TURN server is properly configured, you should see a message saying
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that the relay test has been successful. (The relay test will fail if you
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didn't configure a TURN server; this is normal, and nothing to worry
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about.)
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## Configure your server's firewall
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If your server has a global IPv4 address and there is no firewall, there
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is nothing to do.
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If your server has a global IPv4 address, then the firewall must, at
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a strict minimum, allow incoming traffic to TCP port 8443 (or whatever is
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configured with the `-http` command-line option) and TCP port 1194 (or
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whatever is configured with the `-turn` command-line option). For best
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performance, it should also allow UDP traffic to the TURN port and UDP
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traffic to ephemeral (high-numbered) ports.
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If your server only has a global IPv6 address, then you should probably
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disable the built-in TURN server (`-turn ""`) and configure an external
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TURN server; see "ICE Servers" below.
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If your server is behind NAT, then you should configure your NAT device to
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forward, at a minimum, ports 8443 and 1194. In addition, you should add
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the option `-turn 192.0.2.1:1194` to Galène's command line, where `192.0.2.1`
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is your NAT's external (global) IPv4 address.
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## Deploy to your server
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Set up a user *galene* on your server, then do:
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rsync -a galene static data groups galene@server.example.org:
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Now run the binary on the server:
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ssh galene@server.example.org
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ulimit -n 65536
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nohup ./galene &
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If you are using *runit*, use a script like the following:
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#!/bin/sh
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exec 2>&1
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cd ~galene
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ulimit -n 65536
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exec setuidgid galene ./galene
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If you are using *systemd*:
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[Unit]
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Description=Galene
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After=network.target
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[Service]
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Type=simple
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WorkingDirectory=/home/galene
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User=galene
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Group=galene
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ExecStart=/home/galene/galene
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LimitNOFILE=65536
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[Install]
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WantedBy=multi-user.target
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# Usage
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## Locations
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There is a landing page at the root of the server. It contains a form
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for typing the name of a group, and a clickable list of public groups.
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Groups are available under `/group/groupname`. You may share this URL
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with others, there is no need to go through the landing page.
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Recordings can be accessed under `/recordings/groupname`. This is only
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available to the administrator of the group.
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Some statistics are available under `/stats`. This is only available to
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the server administrator.
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## Side menu
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There is a menu on the right of the user interface. This allows choosing
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the camera and microphone and setting the video throughput. The
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*Blackboard mode* checkbox increases resolution and sacrifices framerate
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in favour of image quality. The *Play local file* dialog allows streaming
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a video from a local file.
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## Commands
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Typing a line starting with a slash `/` in the chat dialogue causes
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a command to be sent to the server. Type `/help` to get the list of
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available commands; the output depends on whether you are an operator or
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not.
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# Details of group definitions
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Groups are defined by files in the `./groups` directory (this may be
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configured by the `-groups` command-line option, try `./galene -help`).
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The definition for the group called *groupname* is in the file
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`groups/groupname.json` and does not contain the group name, which makes
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it easy to copy or link group definitions. You may use subdirectories:
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a file `groups/teaching/networking.json` defines a group called
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*teching/networking*.
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Every group definition file contains a JSON directory with the following
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fields. All fields are optional, but unless you specify at least one user
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definition (`op`, `presenter`, or `other`), nobody will be able to join
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the group.
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- `op`, `presenter`, `other`: each of these is an array of user
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definitions (see below) and specifies the users allowed to connect
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respectively with operator privileges, with presenter privileges, and
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as passive listeners;
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- `public`: if true, then the group is visible on the landing page;
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- `description`: a human-readable description of the group; this is
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displayed on the landing page for public groups;
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- `contact`: a human-readable contact for this group, such as an e-mail
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address;
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- `comment`: a human-readable string;
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- `max-clients`: the maximum number of clients that may join the group at
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a time;
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- `max-history-age`: the time, in seconds, during which chat history is
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kept (default 14400, i.e. 4 hours);
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- `allow-recording`: if true, then recording is allowed in this group;
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- `allow-anonymous`: if true, then users may connect with an empty username;
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- `allow-subgroups`: if true, then subgroups of the form `group/subgroup`
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are automatically created when first accessed;
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- `autolock`: if true, the group will start locked and become locked
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whenever there are no clients with operator privileges;
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- `autokick`: if true, all clients will be kicked out whenever there are
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no clients with operator privileges; this is not recommended, prefer
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the `autolock` option instead;
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- `redirect`: if set, then attempts to join the group will be redirected
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to the given URL; most other fields are ignored in this case;
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- `codecs`: this is a list of codecs allowed in this group. The default
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is `["vp8", "opus"]`.
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Supported video codecs include:
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- `"vp8"` (compatible with all supported browsers);
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- `"vp9"` (better video quality than `"vp8"`, but incompatible with
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older versions of Mac OS);
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- `"h264"` (incompatible with Debian, Ubuntu, and some Android devices,
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recording is not supported).
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Supported audio codecs include `"opus"`, `"g722"`, `"pcmu"` and `"pcma"`.
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There is no good reason to use anything except Opus.
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A user definition is a dictionary with the following fields:
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- `username`: the username of the user; if omitted, any username is
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allowed;
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- `password`: if omitted, then no password is required. Otherwise, this
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can either be a string, specifying a plain text password, or
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a dictionary generated by the `galene-password-generator` utility.
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For example,
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{"username": "jch", "password": "1234"}
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specifies user *jch* with password *1234*, while
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{"password": "1234"}
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specifies that any (non-empty) username will do, and
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{}
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allows any (non-empty) username with any password.
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If you don't wish to store cleartext passwords on the server, you may
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generate hashed password with the `galene-password-generator` utility. A
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user entry with a hashed password looks like this:
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{
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"username": "jch",
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"password": {
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"type": "pbkdf2",
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"hash": "sha-256",
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"key": "f591c35604e6aef572851d9c3543c812566b032b6dc083c81edd15cc24449913",
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"salt": "92bff2ace56fe38f",
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"iterations": 4096
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}
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}
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# ICE Servers
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ICE is the NAT and firewall traversal protocol used by WebRTC. ICE can
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make use of two kinds of servers to help with NAT traversal: STUN servers,
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that simply help punching holes in NATs, and TURN servers, that serve as
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relays for traffic. TURN is a superset of NAT: no STUN server is
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necessary if a TURN server is available.
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Galène includes a simple IPv4-only TURN server, which is controlled by the
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`-turn` command-line option. If the value of this option is the empty
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string `""`, then the built-in server is disabled. If the value of this
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option is a colon followed with a port number `:1194`, then the TURN
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server will listen on all public IPv4 addresses of the local host, over
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UDP and TCP. If the value of this option is a socket address, such as
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`192.0.2.1:1194`, then the TURN server will listen on all addresses of the
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local host but assume that the address seen by the clients is the one
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given in the option; this is the recommended configuration when running
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behind NAT with port forwarding.
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Some users may prefer to disable Galène's built in TURN server (`-turn ""`)
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and configure an external ICE server. In that case, the ICE configuration
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should appear in the file `data/ice-servers.json`. In the case of a STUN
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server, it should look like this:
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[
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{
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"urls": [
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"stun:stun.example.org"
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]
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}
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]
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In the case of s single TURN server, the `ice-servers.json` file should
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look like this:
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[
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{
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"urls": [
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"turn:turn.example.org:443",
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"turn:turn.example.org:443?transport=tcp"
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],
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"username": "galene",
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"credential": "secret"
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}
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]
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If you prefer to use coturn's `use-auth-secret` option, then your
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`ice-servers.json` should look like this:
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[
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{
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"Urls": [
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"turn:turn.example.com:443",
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"turn:turn.example.com:443?transport=tcp"
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],
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"username": "galene",
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"credential": "secret",
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"credentialType": "hmac-sha1"
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}
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]
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For redundancy, you may set up multiple TURN servers, and ICE will use the
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first one that works. If an `ice-servers.json` file is present and
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Galène's built-in TURN server is enabled, then the external server will be
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used in preference to the built-in server.
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-- Juliusz Chroboczek <https://www.irif.fr/~jch/>
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