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Biblio: boulders

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@ -430,14 +430,53 @@ porosity induced friction.
Displacement of blocks or boulders by waves has been a major topic in Displacement of blocks or boulders by waves has been a major topic in
understanding the influence of storm and tsunami waves in coastal regions. understanding the influence of storm and tsunami waves in coastal regions.
Several approaches have been taken to study this phenomenon. In a first part, Several approaches have been taken to study this phenomenon.
we will discuss in-situ studies on displaced boulders. In a second part, we
will review models of block displacements. % In a first part, we will discuss in-situ studies on displaced boulders. In a
% second part, we will review models of block displacements.
\subsection{Models}
The main goal of studying boulder displacement is generally to establish the
cause of boulder deposits in coastal areas. \textcite{nott1997extremely} was
among the first to propose hydrondynamic equations that aimed to calculate the
wave height that would lead to the displacement of a boulder for storm and
tsunami waves. The main difference between storm and tsunami waves in those
equations was the flow velocity relative to wave height. The calculation of the
minimum flow velocity for boulder transport is obtained by calculating an
equilibrium between drag, lift and restraining forces.
Those equations were refined by \textcite{nott2003waves} in order to account
for the pre-transport environment of the boulder. \citeauthor{nott2003waves}
derived equations for submerged, sub-aerial and joint bounder boulders. A new
parameter ($\delta$) was introduced to differentiate between tsunami and storm
waves. This study highlights the importance of the initial environment of a
boulder for wave transport conditions. Compared to the equations from
\textcite{nott1997extremely}, an aditionnal inertia term is added to the
equilibrium equation for sub-aerial boulders, while the drag force is removed
for joint-bounded blocks.
\textcite{nandasena2011reassessment} noted that \citeauthor{nott2003waves}'s
equations could be improved, and proposed a new set of equations correcting
the lift and inertia terms in \citeauthor{nott2003waves}'s equations.
\textcite{nandasena2011reassessment} found that the new equations produced up
to a \SI{65}{\percent} difference with \citeauthor{nott2003waves}'s equations.
\textcite{buckley2012inverse} proposed alternative equations for sliding and
overturning of submerged boulders. An equation for block sliding was introduced
by considering friction on the bed. \textcite{weiss2012mystery} investigated
the influence of bed roughness on block displacement. A new stability criteria
was established, and bed roughness was found to be a major factor in boulder
displacement. In contrast with the findings from \textcite{nott2003waves}, the
threshold wave amplitude for block displacement was found to be similar between
tsunami and storm waves.
\subsection{In-situ studies} \subsection{In-situ studies}
\cite{barbano2010large} \cite{barbano2010large}: boulders deposity in Sicily -> probably tsunamis
\cite{paris2011}
\cite{paris2011}:
\cite{nandasena2011numerical} \cite{nandasena2011numerical}
\cite{may2015block} \cite{may2015block}
\cite{biolchi2016} \cite{biolchi2016}